Suszona czarnuszka

Nigella

Nigella is an inconspicuous plant that hides many medicinal properties and is appreciated worldwide for its aesthetic qualities. Nigella belongs to the annual plants of the buttercup family. We can distinguish its two main species: damask nigella (Nigella damascena) and oriental nigella (Nigella orientalis). The former we can find growing wild in southern Europe and northern Africa, the latter in Asia Minor. In Poland, in natural conditions, we can meet field nigella (it is under protection) in wastelands and areas around forests. Blackcurrant is also grown by gardeners as an ornamental plant, which, when dried, finds use in dried flower bouquets and other natural decorations and handicrafts.

Damask nigella - appearance and characteristics of the plant

Damask nigella has a rather compact habit, growing up to 60 cm. On the branching stems grow numerous delicate, pinnate leaves of light green color. Beautiful flowers of nigella occur in white and light blue color, are 4-6cm in diameter and are set singly on the tops of shoots. The plant blooms from early summer to September. It has a characteristic candy scent. After flowering the seed bags appear, which are the most decorative part of the plant. They hide valuable seeds with medicinal properties.

What does oriental nigella look like?

Oriental nigella grows up to 50 cm. also has delicate, feathery leaves. Unlike damask nigella, oriental nigella has smaller yellow flowers with a diameter of 4 cm, which we can admire from July to the end of August. They transform into seed bags shaped like a crown. This is the most ornamental part of the oriental nigella gladly used in post-dome or garland compositions.

Damask and oriental cumin - occurrence and cultivation

The area of natural occurrence of damask nigella is southern Europe and northern Africa. The plant likes a sunny position and grows best in light soil with a high calcium content. Nigella is easy to grow. Seeds can be sown directly into the ground in early spring. Be sure to fertilize regularly, water and avoid stagnant water, which can lead to fungal diseases. In Poland, we can meet damask nigella in home gardens as an ornamental plant, both during flowering and after the appearance of fruiting bodies, the plant beautifully decorates flowerbeds. Damask nigella is a melliferous plant, attracting insects.

Ways to use nigella?

Damask nigella is widely used in medicine. It is a rich source of fatty acids, calcium, iron, vitamin A, E and F. The substances it contains support the immune system, have anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal effects. Nigella seeds are invaluable in the fight against diseases such as diabetes and cancer. It helps maintain normal blood sugar levels and regulates blood pressure. Women add nigella oil to creams and apply to the ends of their hair to keep it in good condition. In the kitchen, we meet cumin seeds as an addition to sauces, meats and baked goods.